The Mmr Vaccine Does Not Cause Autism - 873 Words

Parents today are risking their children’s and other children’s safety and life by refusing vaccinations. They decide to take this risk because they are trying to avoid their children’s chance of getting autism. Studies have shown following the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine children become diagnosed with autism. Parents are risking bringing back diseases that before vaccinations killed and threatened the lives of many people. The MMR vaccine does not cause autism, because the doctor who published the first study about this theory has since lost his medical license, many more studies have proven the correlation is a myth, and Autism Speaks, an autism advocacy organization, has come out and said vaccinations do not cause autism. Ethan Huff states in â€Å"Nearly two dozen medical studies prove that vaccines can cause autism,† that there are 22 studies that show a link between vaccines and autism. One of the studies he mentions saw a strong connection between the two. A study published in 2012 shows a correlation between aluminum-containing vaccines, such as the MMR vaccine, and autism. The study claims that aluminum can affect serum levels in children and become a cause of autism. Huff describes another study from Utah State University that found the MMR vaccine can cause some children to develop measles and then neurological problems that are symptoms of autism. Parents believe leaving their child unvaccinated will prevent autism, but they are leaving their child open toShow MoreRelatedAutism Spectrum Disorders784 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Autism is the main form of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Autism is a developmental disorder that is manifested in problems with communication, impairment of social functioning, and repetitive behaviours. According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), ASD diagnoses must meet four different areas of criteria. There are three symptoms of deficits in social communication and interaction across contexts, four symptoms of restrictedRead MoreThe Anti Vaccine Movement And The Vaccine1620 Words   |  7 Pages The Anti-Vaccine Movement Although the MMR link to autism is one of the most recent anti-vaccine incidences, the anti-vaccine movement didn’t begin with the suggestion that MMR caused autism. Previous vaccine scare incidences arose prior to the 1998 study on MMR that fueled more anti-vaccine sentiments. Offit (2011) claims that the modern American anti-vaccine movement began when a documentary titled DPT: Vaccine Roulette, aired on April 19, 1982. The documentary questioned the safety and effectivenessRead MoreThe Effects Of Autism On Children With Early Signs Of Autism1517 Words   |  7 Pages For years there has been many speculations conveying that some vaccines, particularly Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) causes signs of autism. Many compelling concerns have been formulated from parents of children who received vaccines and associated noticeable changes in their children with early signs of autism. Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the behaviour and cognition of children (Quinn, 2014). Autism impairs communication, interest and repetitive patterns of behaviourRead MoreVaccines Do Not Blame Vaccines For Children?1271 Words   |  6 Pagesautistic it is blamed on vaccinations. Autism comes from genetics also, so why not blame vaccines for making people short too? If parents do not blame vaccines on their kids shortness, why blame vaccines for autism?. For years there has been controversy about vaccines causing autism in children. The vaccine scare originally started when there was a report in 1998 on how the MMR vaccine can cause autism, which was later dismissed as false (Rao). The MMR vaccine is a vaccine that is used to protect againstRead MoreVaccines And Autism : Do Vaccines Cause Autism?1231 Words   |  5 PagesPseudoscience? I. Vaccines Autism Do Vaccines cause Autism? II. Abstract Do vaccines cause autism is a question that has been bouncing around for over twenty years. The increase in the number of diagnosed cases of Autism Spectrum Disorder has increased significantly and due to the impact this has in people’s lives several studies have been done in an effort to determine the cause. More specifically the MMR, Measles, Mumps, and Rubella, vaccination has been accused of being the cause of autism. This accusationRead MoreVaccination Of Children And Children1730 Words   |  7 Pagesdisease possible. Autism is a condition typified by abnormal qualitative development of social interactions, communication and imagination, with restricted and repetitive interests and activities (Edward Purssell RGN, RSCN, PhD of the University of London). What causes autism? Many parents like to say that the vaccination MMR has caused their child to have autism later in life. Purssell and other authors and doctors have done countless research to find out the truth about MMR and their being a linkRead MoreVaccines And Its Effect On Health Care1163 Words   |  5 Pages The introduction of vaccines has been a great advancement in the world of medicine. This ground- breaking discovery has a tremendous effect on health care by putting an end to diseases that might otherwise be untreatable. Diseases such as typhoid, whooping cough, and polio which threaten many countries worldwide are now preventable after the discovery of the vaccine. Although the development of vaccines has led to the prevention of d eadly illnesses, there has been may controversy based on whetherRead MoreSummary Of Vaccines And Autism By Bernard Rimland953 Words   |  4 PagesSummary of â€Å"Vaccines and Autism† In the journal of â€Å"Vaccines and Autism† author Bernard Rimland looks at the possible role of vaccines in autism. Rimland provides crucial data in understanding autism, the possible role of vaccines in autism, and the risks of vaccines in certain children. Rimland states before his article that, â€Å"There is no consensus about biological determents of autism† (708). This being said, in his journal he points out various reasons how vaccines could lead to autism. VaccinesRead MoreChildren Vaccinated Against Common Illnesses1185 Words   |  5 PagesIn recent years vaccines have been a major topic of discussion. While some people still think having your children vaccinated against common illnesses such as chicken pox and the flu is dangerous, I myself think it is perfectly fine to have your children vaccinated on the schedule recommended by pediatricians. Some parents choose to have their children vaccinated on a delayed schedule, which I still find acceptable. However, the parents who choose not to have their children vaccinated at all areRead MoreToday In The World Humans Have The Lowest Death Rate To1304 Words   |  6 Pagesto the human race, but with vaccines scientists and doctors were able to eradicate the disease completely, and no natural case has occurred since 1949 (â€Å"What is Smallpox?†). However recently people are afraid to vaccinate themselves and their children due to the chance of severe reactions (â€Å"Vaccine Reactions†). In addition they also fear of their children acquiring autism from vaccines (â€Å"Vaccines Cause Autism?†). Although people have had severe reactions to vaccines, they greatly benefit the immune

Essay on You Are What You Eat - 884 Words

You Are What You Eat It is indeed true that the quality of food that you take in will do a great deal to determine the quality of life that goes on in each cell of your body. Food has a huge effect on your health, and a diet rich in any one aspect would be an unhealthy diet, in the same way that a diet lacking in a certain nutrient would also affect your health. A balanced diet consists of carbohydrates, fats, protein, vitamins, minerals and water. Carbohydrate provides us with energy. Fats (lipids) with healthy cell membranes and an energy reserve. Proteins are essential for growth and repair or body tissues. Vitamins are needed to keep our cells working properly and minerals build molecules†¦show more content†¦The averages for male and female are two thousand-nine hundred for males and two thousand-one hundred for females. Protein is recommended seventy grams for males and fifty-eight for females. Fat is ninety grams for a male and seventy for a female (Samuels Henett, 1973). Although some amounts vary for male and female most vitamins are consistent for both sexes, like seventy milligrams of vitamin C. What types of food you eat determine whether your diet is healthy. By looking at the nutritional information of food packaging we can see what we get out of what we eat. Per one hundred grams of chocolate we are provided with four hundred and ninety-one calories, six point one grams of protein and twenty-three grams of fat. Where as per one hundred grams of cereal, such as corn flakes, we are provided with three hundred and seventy calories, six grams of protein and only one gram of fat. By comparing these two foods we can clearly see which one is healthier, as chocolate has and extremely high fat content. In this way could say that maybe what you eat is what you are because if you ate a diet rich in chocolate with few vitamins etc then your skin would not be as healthy and weight gain would be inevitable with such high levels of saturated and unsaturated lipids into your system. The absence of proteins, would cause weak bones, your cells would not operate so well asShow MoreRelatedYou Are What You Eat1840 Words   |  8 PagesYou Are What You Eat Introduction I didn’t start reading The Omnivore’s Dilemma with noble intentions of learning about the secrets of the food industry. I didn’t try to learn how they might affect our health and the environment. I didn’t start reading it because I wanted to know more about the organic-conventional debate. I only found it because I was looking for a book that would allow me to research irradiation for school (that didn’t happen). Even though The Omnivore’s Dilemma didn’t allow meRead MoreEssay Are You What You Eat4582 Words   |  19 PagesDay One: September 24, 2012 Do Now: Are you what you eat? How do you know? Prove it! I think in a way you are what you eat because most things you eat were alive at one point and the nutrition from the food gives you energy to keep living and moving. Also, if you eat unhealthy, your body will become affected and be unhealthy, but if you eat healthy your body will remain healthy. It also all depends on a person’s metabolism because some people are more affected by certain foods than othersRead MoreYou Are What You Eat By Michael Pollan1385 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"You are what you eat† is a famous quote said by French physician Anthelme Brillat-Savarin. If this were to be true we would be walking talking corn people according to Michael Pollan’s book the Omnivores Dilemma. In his book he tried to answer a question so simple yet complex :†What should I have for dinner?† At first glance this question can be very simple basing solely off personal experience yet when truly looked at you have more questions you have to ask yourself;How many calories are in thisRead MorePublic Health : You Are What You Eat1696 Words   |  7 Pages EN 101: English Composition I 14 September 2015 Public Health: You Are What You Eat The food you eat says a lot about your lifestyle. Everything you put into your mouth is affecting you somehow and someway. The affects can be good or bad but you don’t always know which it is. Eating a salad compared to eating a burger and fries will impact your body differently. People of the lower class can’t always afford the more costly salad compared to the cheaper burger. Fast food in the tri-state is oneRead MoreThe Common Saying, You Are What You Eat, Is A Famous1742 Words   |  7 PagesThe common saying, you are what you eat, is a famous aphorism, that explains how to be healthy, you should eat healthy. However, many people, outside of the neurobiology or medicine discourse community, won’t know much about nutrition. If someone were to ask a stranger on a street a series of basic questions about nutrition, they wouldn’t be able to answer in detail. This is mostly due to a lack of exposure of information that is only obtained through science-re lated classes, articles, journalsRead MoreWhat You Eat Is Your Business868 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"What You Eat Is Your Business,† by Radley Balko In the article of Radley Balko, he considers obesity a problem in the nation. Balko believes that it is unhealthy for children to be eating bad food but it’s their choices to eat that food. Balko is saying that if people are eating unhealthy and are having health problems everyone shouldnt have to pay for their health problems. Balko says, â€Å"In other words, bringing the government between you and your waistline.† Basically he is saying that theRead MoreWhat You Eat Is Your Business Essay1140 Words   |  5 Pages In Radley Balko’s essay â€Å"What You Eat Is Your Business,† Balko argues that what we put into our bodies is our business, not the government’s, and that personal responsibility should be primary in our nutrition choices. I agree wholeheartedly. However, while I do agree that personal responsibility is paramount, in the new age of the Affordable Care Act (which had not been implemented prior to Balko’s writing), it is becoming hard to say that the government should stay out of my business, when healthcareRead MoreWhat You Eat Is Your Business894 Words   |  4 Pagesis favorable to society as a whole. But on closer investigation, it is easily seen that the governments influence on such a personal matter produces the antithesis of beneficial and ultimately aids in nurturing obesity. In Radley Balko’s essay â€Å"What You Eat Is Your Business†, he is rightfully insists that the anti-obesity regulations and restrictions set by the government wrongfully alleviates American consumers of their individual responsibility for their own well-being by transforming health careRead MoreWhat You Eat Is Your Business1315 Words   |  6 Pageseven the family of 4, finding time to eat a healthy meal fells like it can be impossible. Some might argue everyone can find time to eat a healthy meal, but as a full time college student with a family of 4 with another kid on the way. Even the little time I do have at home doesn’t change that I have not had a chance to get to the store for two weeks to buy food. Given the little time and lack of food, the options can be slim, but fast food addictions can cause you to make bad choices too. So when doesRead MoreYou Are What You Eat: The Detrimental Effects of a Poor Diet789 Words   |  3 PagesYou are What You Eat You are what you eat is an idiom that most everyone can recall being told at some point. The phrase was gotten from Anthelme Brillat-Savarin who wrote in 1826 Dis-moi ce que tu manges, je te dirai ce que tu es. Translated into English it means â€Å"tell me what you eat and I will tell you what you are†. Many people especially in the United States do not really give the food that they eat very much thought. The people in this country eat because of the taste of food, the experience

Possible Community Health Hesi Topics Free Essays

Potential Community Health HESI Topic Areas These are some additional areas you may want to considering being familiar with: Ancathosis nigricans A skin condition characterized by dark, thick, velvety skin in body folds and creases. Most often, acanthosis nigricans affects your armpits, groin and neck. There’s no specific treatment for acanthosis nigricans † but treating any underlying conditions, such as diabetes and obesity, may cause the changes in your skin changes to fade Characteristics of acanthosis nigricans include: Skin changes. We will write a custom essay sample on Possible Community Health Hesi Topics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Skin changes are the only signs of acanthosis nigricans. You’ll notice dark, thick, velvety skin in body folds and creases † typically in your armpits, groin and neck. Sometimes the lips, palms or soles of the feet are affected as well. Slow progression. The skin changes appear slowly, sometimes over months or years. Possible itching. Rarely, the affected areas may itch. Acanthosis nigricans is often associated with conditions that increase your insulin level, such as type 2 diabetes or being overweight. If your insulin level is too high, the extra insulin may trigger activity in your skin cells. This may cause the characteristic kin changes. Question pertained to nurse checking for lice and noticing dark patch of skin on neck. Advisor role Antepartum – risk factors Anthrax incubation and exposure Assess trends and patterns Assessing income Assessment – validation Assignments – home care; Make sure students know how to prioritize home health clients (i. e. which ones to see/call back first. ) When given the choice between a patient with COPD who is short of breath, a terminally ill pt who refuses to eat or drink, or a pt with congestive heart failure who has gained 3 lbs, choose the last one. Asthma triage Battering-communication If the question pertains to a nurse suspecting a female patient has been abused and the woman has her child in the room with her, the nurse should ask the child to leave the room and question the woman about the abuse. The question does not pe rtain to the child being abused. Breast cancer-risk (who is at greatest risk) Calculate rate – population COBRA-cost (client still has to pay for expenses) When the question asks what would be a concern for a person who has lost their Job but has COBRA, the answer is paying for health care/expenses. Communicable disease (pertussis) Community – assessment Community Assessment – TB Community data source Community education – evaluate Community resource – elderly Community resources-population age Community resources – rural Community strategies – mental deficiencies Cultural competence Cultural -lactose intolerant Cultural – Native American (Native Americans are at high risk for diabetes – have the highest rates, so the nurse needs to screen for and educate about this). Culturally sensitive teaching CV disease – African American Diabetes AIC If a nurse is working in a community with high rates of diabetes and implements a rogram, at the end of 1 year (or whatever evaluation period is stated) the nurse will want to evaluate hemoglobin A1 C levels to determine effectiveness of program. Disaster – Cholera (Priority for treating those with cholera: fluid and electrolytes) Disaster- Professional Disaster – red tag triage Disaster planning Disaster Preparedness – START Disaster triage – color system Elder abuse-Home setting Elder health – assessment Employee health Epidemiological triad host Epidemiological triad agent Fall in home Family assistance – ophthalmic meds Family ecomap Flu vaccine-priority Gatekeeper Genetic risk – assessment Geriatrics – home nutrition Geriatric syndrome – home health GTD-hCG values Health Promotion Program – Planning Heart healthy diet – limit Heat stroke If an adolescent is playing sports at school and goes to the school nurse with red, dry skin and other symptoms of heat stroke, the first thing the nurse should do is call for emergency personnel (not assess). Hepatitis A – risk Hep B vaccine – pregnancy Hepatovax B allergy Home care referral Home Health – Management Home health – PT Home safety – post arthroplasty Hypertension-BP measure Immunize – 3rd world country Immunization rates Increase vaccination rates Infant mortality rate Influenza -prophylactic Relenza Lillian Wald – Henry Street (she established the Henry Street Settlement) Lipid screening Long-term care-infection Long-term car – fall prevention Meals-on-wheels Medicare Menomune vaccine Migrant worker risks Morbidity data – gather Morbidity data-glaucoma If a nurse is working with an elderly population and most of them are choosing to get a surgery that will CURE glaucoma, then the nurse will be concerned with assessing revalence of glaucoma (not morbidity). Needs assessment Neighborhood safe houses Neuman model – line of defense Obese children-parent involvement Occupational health – smoking Occupational nurse practitioner role Oral contraceptives – smokers Osteoporosis – prevention Outcome evaluation Polypharmacy – GERI Post vaccination teaching Primary prevention – adolescents Primary prevention – WIC Priority – HF lab results Program goal setting ty Care – nursing nome Quality Care – public clinic management Quality health – bicycle safety Rash with fever – PEDI (chicken pox) Ritalin evaluation – adolescent Assessing intervention with ADHD in an adolescent: get their feedback on improvement, as their self-esteem is priority School age screen (obesity) School nurse role If an adolescent comes to a school nurse and tells her she is pregnant, the nurse will want to implement measures to ensure the teen and her baby are healthy. These things include referral to prenatal care, encouraging prenatal vitamins, etc. The nurse will NOT tell the parents and things like arranging childcare or teaching breastfeeding are not something the school nurse will be involved in. creening – DM – PEDI Screening priority Question regarding hypothyroidism and the nurse recognizes that mental dysfunction is a long-term consequence. What is screening priority? Answers included screening for T3 in preschoolers or children (? ), iodine screening in people over 60, TSH in women over 45, and T4 in newborns. The answer is T4 in newborns. Seat belt safety-adolescents Secondary prevention – tobacco Secondary prevention – children Sensitivity of tests Social organization Stakeholder If a community health nurse is going into a community to try to develop or implement n intervention, remember one of the key things he/she must do is form a relationship with someone who would be identified as the stakeholder. Stakeholders will be someone who is invested in the health of the community and will be invested in the program to be implemented. They will be vital in the nurse gaining access into the community, the success of the program, and ensuring the sustainability of the program. STD-Reporting If an adolescent goes to the health dept and is diagnosed with chlamydia, the nurse must report this. It is a reportable disease that is monitored by the state and the CDC, and the disease intervention specialist must be informed to do contact tracing. How to cite Possible Community Health Hesi Topics, Papers

Jessie James Essay Example For Students

Jessie James Essay MurphyENG 10014 Sept. 2004Why Did the Lower South Secede?: A Summary of Marc Engals Rethinking the Secession of the Lower South: The Clash of Two GroupsHistorians believe that the South seceded because of one of thefollowing five reasons. The first reason is psychological; Steven Channingargues that the South seceded because of a crisis of fear, fed byanxieties about abolitionists and the large slave population (qtd. inEgnal 261).Another reason is rationality; According to William Barney,the desperate need of the planters for fresh soils, which the newlyelected Republican Party now denied them (qtd. in Egnal 261). A thirdreason was ideological. Lacy K. Ford says South Carolinians werededicated to republican values and preferred secession to abandoning theirprinciples (qtd. in Egnal 261-2). Internal discord was another reason. Michael P. Johnson felt that the tensions between wealthy slave holdersand poorer whites lay at the heart of the story in Georgia (qtd. in Egnal262). The plantation owners started the secession and created apatriarchal republic because of concerns that Republican patronage mightdis-a-line class conflict. The final reason is the traditional wisdomthat the defense of slavery drove the confederates to start the secession(qtd. in Egnal 262). Whether rational or irrational, whether focused onslavery or republicanism, or in reference to single ideology or mindsetthere were serious problems confronted (Egnal 262). I always believed thatthe last reason, slavery, was why we had the Civil War. This essay suggests a new approach to secession by saying that thebattle in the Lower South was the true struggle between the two groups(Egnal 263). The first one with strong ties to the Union and the othermaking its way without the help from the North. Egnal first looks at thedivision: its sources and the differing views of the two groups. Then, helooks at the importance of the two groups in every Deep South state bythe 1850s (263). Finally, it examines what part the two groups had in thesecession. Two factors in particular shaped the clashing societies of thecotton states-the origins of the settlers and the patterns of the regionaleconomy (Egnal 263). I didnt think that these factors would really haveanything to do with why the south seceded. I guess I was wrong. This alsogave rise to the different views that led the conduct of the two groups. The two sides shared several values, including slavery and racism. Only 50to 60 % of voters approved action toward the secession. Many of the migrants came from the Upper South, and could tracetheir heritage to Northern Ireland and Europe (Egnal 264). The other setmigrants came from a different hearth: the tidewater region of SouthCarolina and Georgia. Many of these Lower South residents had ancestorswho hailed from Southern England (Egnal 264). Most importantly was theseparation of states into northern and southern regions. The migrants haddifferent views, family history, and even different ways that they builttheir homes as well as how thy talked to their neighbors and friends. Economic activities constituted a second set of factors that dividedthe citizenry of the Lower South, reinforcing the divisions establishedby the pattern of settlements. Wheat cultivation, garden crops, and homemanufactures gave the northern reaches of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama,Mississippi, and Texas an economic unity that mirrored the settlers sharedorigins. Wheat was a common note throughout much of this region. Althoughthe quanities raised were far below the levels of the North, wheat growthwas an important facet of the regional culture. The crop fostered asociety of independent farmers, small milling centers, skilledcraftspeople, and vigorous local exchanges (Egnal 267). I do understandwhy this is. .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f , .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .postImageUrl , .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f , .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f:hover , .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f:visited , .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f:active { border:0!important; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f:active , .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u500620101cb6c2cf99f8e6310e87583f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Holdens Misapprehension of Death in EssayThe types of transportation did more to divide the Lower South thanto unify it (Egnal 268). Most of the rivers in these states ran into theoceans making transportation to that part of the state easy to get to. Mostof the people that did this did not transport to all of the other countiesother than the ones on the river. Railroads were unable to make travelfrom the coast to the northern part of the Lower South convenient (Egnal269). The result of these links between the Upper South and theNorthern part of the cotton states was an overland trade that expandedmarkedly in the years before secession (Egnal 269). I think that theyshould h ave made the transportation better for the Lower South, thenmaybe we

Sula Essays - Sula, Booby, , Term Papers, Research Papers

Sula Sula "Sula" by Tony Morrison is the story of a friendship between Nel Wright and Sula Peace, who are opposites in the way of relating to other people, to the world around them, and to themselves. Nel is rational and balanced; she gets married and gives in to conformity and the town's expectations. Sula is an irrational and transient character. She follows her immediate passions, completely unaware of the feelings other people might have. However, Nel and Sula are able to function well only when they are together because they complete each other as opposites. However, as separate entities, Sula and Nel are vulnerable and isolated from the rest of world; Sula because she is impulsive and disregards the feelings of other people, and Nel because she overlooks her own. The personalities of Nel and Sula form as a result of their childhood family atmosphere. Sula's unusual exorbitance results from an eccentric upbringing that openly accepts and welcomes transience. The narrator describes Sula's house as a "throbbing disorder constantly awry with things, people, voices and the slamming of doors . . ." (52), which suggests a family accustomed to spontaneous disruptions and fleeting alliances. Sula decides that "sex is pleasant and frequent, but otherwise insignificant." (44) Sula grows up in the atmosphere of an emotional separation between mothers and daughters in her family. The mothers provide only the physical maternal support but lack in the emotional attachment to their children. Sula overhears her mother, Hannah, say, "I love her [Sula]. I just don't like her, that's the thing." (57) Hannah's words act as a determiner of Sula's defiance. Hannah and Eva, her mother, are also alienated. "Under Eva's distant eye, and prey to her idiosyncrasies, her own children grew up steadily." (41) This dissatisfaction causes Hannah to ask Eva, "Did you ever love us?" (67) "I know you fed us and all. I was talking 'bout something else. Did you ever, you know play with us?" (68) Eva leaps out of the window to "cover her daughter's body with her own" (75) to save her from a fire; she raises her children single-handedly and even sacrifices her leg to get an insurance because she does not have enough money to feed her children. Proud of keeping her children alive through the roughest times, Eva does not realize that she needs to be more than a physical caretaker. An unrestricted household such as the Peace family, with little emotional attachment and moral responsibilities, causes Sula to become impetuous and independent. Nel's household, however, is very conformist and proper, but also lacks in emotional attachments. Nel's parents marry out of convenience, rather than love. For Nel's mother, the absences of her husband, a sailor were "quite bearable." Nel is raised in an atmosphere of "oppressive neatness" (29), a strict and organized household that instills society's rules in her. Nel's mother constantly attempts to destroy Nel's spirit and imagination. "Under Helene's [Nel's mother's] hand the girl became obedient and polite. Any enthusiasms that little Nel showed were calmed by the mother until she drove her daughter's imagination underground." (18) "Don't just sit there, honey, you could be pulling your nose" (28) This emotional vacuum compels the girls to seek their missing components in each other's company. During their friendship, Sula and Nel do not have the feeling of detachment they acquire after their parting. In their friendship as girls, they "had clung to [each other] as the closest thing to both an other and a self" (119). They have an interest and curiosity in life and they are absorbed by everything they do. Together they can relate to other people better when they are together. "Humor returned. Nel's love for Jude, which over the years had spun a steady gray web around her heart, became a bright and easy affection." (95) When they are together, their characters balance out to make a complete, fulfilled, and self-contained person, a duet (97). To Nel, Sula's return to Medallion is like "getting the use of an eye back, getting a cataract removed" (95). Sula's thoughtlessness, irrationality, and transience are rounded out by Nel's sobriety, solicitude, and commitment to people and things. "[Sula and Nel] found relief in each other's personality. Nel seemed stronger and more consistent than Sula, who could hardly be counted on sustaining any emotion for more than three minutes." (53) Their friendship was based on sharing, not dividing, as they "shared the affection of other people". However, when Sula leaves Medallion and Nel gets married, their separation causes each to become vulnerable and lonely. Sula is alienated from other people, and does not

Word Count and Book Length

Word Count and Book Length Word Count and Book Length Word Count and Book Length By Maeve Maddox A novelist of my acquaintance insists that the only way to estimate the number of words in a book is to multiply the number of pages by 250. That was the formula in the good old days when Courier was the only typeface and typewriters were King. Now we have computers and word processing software. Its no longer necessary to estimate according to the 250-words-per-page formula. All we have to do is use the WP tool that shows Word Count. Publishers want to know the overall length of your book. An approximate word count (round numbers) based on what your WP tells you enables them to estimate costs and other factors involved in printing a book. Novels for adult readers fall between 80,000 and 120,000 words. A novel of 50,000 would be the absolute minimum for some genres and, unless you are Ken Follett or some other established author, you should view 100,000 as the maximum. (Yes, exceptions for a first novel can be found, but writers who depend upon being The Exception are handicapping themselves unnecessarily.) Every genre has its own length preferences. Novels intended for the adult market will be longer than those targeted at children and young adults. A young adult novel will run between 20,000 and 40,000 words. In terms of adult mainstream fiction, that length would be considered a novella. TIP: Dont compose your novel with skinny margins, single-spacing and some off-the-wall font and then make formatting changes when youre ready to market the completed manuscript. Draft your novel in standard format from the start: 12-point Times Roman or 12-point Courier. Double-spacing Margins set to 1-inch all round Indented paragraphs NOTE: Dont put extra spacing between paragraphs unless your intention is to indicate a shift of viewpoint or passage of time. When you are ready to approach an agent or a publisher, study their guidelines carefully and submit your work exactly according to their preferences. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:25 Subordinating ConjunctionsList of 50 Great Word Games for Kids and AdultsBail Out vs. Bale Out

Apple versus PC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Apple versus PC - Essay Example With such distinctions being many questions have arisen in regards to which machine is truly superior. Through a consideration of a variety of components of each machine, this essay demonstrates why the Mac truly has higher quality than the PC. When consider computer technology one of the primary considerations that individuals make is in regards to cost. Oftentimes the Mac is derided in relation to the PC because of the significant cost differential between the two machines, with the Apple Macintosh generally costing a few hundred dollars more than the traditional PC. While these are valid complaints, ultimately they prove erroneous when one notes that the Macintoshes’ hardware warrants the cost differential. A recent study was conducted that compared the top of the line Dell Computer to the Apple Macbook Pro in terms of cost and efficiency. The study indicated that, Dell's Inspiron line doesn't currently offer processing power equaling that of the MacBook Pro. To get a 2.33- GHz Core 2 Duo processor (a 2.4-GHz version isn't available yet), you have to move up to Dell's more expensive XPS M1710 with Vista Home Premium. Once I did that, though, and tricked out the M1710 with only those extras it had to have to compete with the MacBook Pro, I was surprised to see the Dell come in at a whopping $3,459, some $650 more than the Apple product (Finnie). In these regards, the study indicates that when adding the same hardware technology to the PC that the Mac already has included, the Mac demonstrates significantly more value. This demonstrates that while ostensibly the PC is cheaper, in reality the Mac comes with significantly more value and quality. Another major consideration that one makes when considering the effectiveness of computer technology is the computer’s overall efficiency. Many PC users remain unfamiliar with the intricacies of computer technology and contend that the PC actually is a more efficient machine than the Mac. Still, when examini ng this question more thoroughly one discovers that in reality the Mac is a significantly more quality machine. Consider the parts that are used within the Mac as compared to the PC. A general qualitative investigation demonstrates that the Mac has a sleeker design that doesn’t bend and creek like PC plastic compartments. Another prominent element in terms of efficiency is the operating system. The PC only allows users the option of implementing Windows, while the Mac is equipped to run both Windows and OS X. This difference allows Mac users to tailor the operating system for the specific task, greatly improving computer quality and efficiency. It’s clear then that the Mac is better than the PC in terms of overall efficiency. A final consideration that is made regarding Mac and PC’s is within the realm of general useability. Oftentimes PC users claim that the Macintosh is an inferior product because it is purposely made more difficult to use as a means of differ entiating itself. In reality, this is an erroneous assumption and that Macintosh is an overall more useable machine. Consider a number of specific different between the computers. One of the major differences between the machines is the fast and effective boot time in the Apple. While having to wait an extra-minute or for a computer to load may seem like an insignificant problem, when this element is

Memo and Email Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Memo and Email - Article Example Although organizations benefit a great deal from the use of email services for correspondences, there has been a growing concern regarding the misuse of email services, which are proving costly to organizations. Evidences across organizations show that emails are increasingly at risk of misuse by malicious employees. The increased misuse of company emails has seen a rise in employers firing their workers now and then. Current estimate shows that more than a quarter of employers have fired their employees for e-mail misuse. For instance, PNC Bank recently fired Norma Yetsko and Heidi Arace for sending offensive jokes on companys email (Morales 3). The Management of PNC Bank claimed that the two of its employees violated the company policy by misusing the company emails by sending offensive jokes, which were not only defamatory, but also landed the company into a lawsuit. MacDonald Dettwiler Company also fired two of its employees, Nicolas Di Vito and Alastair Mathers for sending offen sive emails depicting the sexual gymnastic of a female co-worker who is overweight. The offensive email resulted in a lawsuit in which the offended woman jointly sued the company and the two employees for defamation (Morales 3). These among other incidences shows how misuse of company email can be costly to a company. In both cases, the email misuse by the employees dented the image of the two companies and resulted in a civil liability. The email risks that happened at MacDonald Dettwiler Company and PNC Bank can happen in any company at any time. Therefore, to prevent the occurrence of email misuse by employees, it is critical for the management to create guidelines that define how emails are used in the organization. Creating email guidelines will be of great benefit to the company since it will ensure that the companys staff uses emails professionally thereby protecting the professional image of the

Popol Vuh Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Popol Vuh Creation - Essay Example This relates to agriculture because of the three attempts, corn is the only one that brings life, when planted properly. The story somehow showed analogy of man having soul and seeds bringing life to agriculture. The belief in religion is also a good lesson from the story. The story showed the existence of different worlds, the underworld, upper world and the world we know as Earth. Religion teaches human beings to believe in the existence of Gods, and worship the Gods who created them. The third lesson was about the trails that the Hero Twins had to go through to be able to get their father from the gods of the underworld. They used magic and trickery to defeat the gods. After doing so, they were rose up to the upper world and became the sun and the moon. Their love for their father and their perseverance showed that they were worthy to be exalted op to the upper world and be with the Creator. The connections between all living creatures on earth shown in the Popol Vuh can still be related to how Mayan society value the plants and animals around them. Corn, being an agricultural product, has been a representation of the human body and soul. The teachings from the story of the Hero Twins help the Maya society accept death and trials as their challenge to be able to climb up to where the Hero Twins are. From the underworld, their success will help them gain a worthy place together with the sun and the moon. This story teaches us that even if societies have different stories of creation, the existence of a Creator, the interconnection of life on earth, and the battles that we go through to be able to deserve a good life in heaven, are almost the same in context. This also shows that no matter how different the religious beliefs are, the teachings behind them are all for the common good of the

Atomistic Fabrication Technology to Enhance Accuracy

Atomistic Fabrication Technology to Enhance Accuracy Importance of Atomistic Fabrication Technology to Enhance Machining Accuracy During Electrochemical Machining of Metals Ritesh Upadhyay, Arbind Kumar P.K. Srivastava Abstract Atomistic fabrication technology fully utilizes physical and chemical phenomena with atomistic and electronic understanding. In the case of mechanical machining many defects are introduced when pushing the tool on the workpiece surface and then atoms on the workpiece surface are removed by the displacement and multiplication of such defects. Therefore many defects remain on the workpiece surface after mechanical machining. Machining accuracy is considerably affected by disturbances such as thermal deformation and external vibration because removal depth is dependent on the cutting depth of the tool and is very difficult to manufacture precision products by mechanical machining. In the case of atomistic fabrication technology surface atoms are naturally removed by chemical reaction caused by reactive species and therefore no deformed layer on the workpiece surface. A very high-precision product can be easily manufactured with stable physical and chemical phenomenon used for removal re action. In this paper possibility of atomic level removal of work piece (Iron workpiece) have been explored. The current and voltage requirements for removal of few thousand atoms will be calculated along with. the mechanism of removal of metals in relation with over-voltage and conductivity. Introduction The essence of nanotechnology is the ability to work at the molecular level, atom by atom, to create large structures with fundamentally new molecular organization. Compared to the behavior of isolated molecules of about 1 nm (10 -9 m) or of bulk materials, behavior of structural features in the range of about 10-9 to 10-7 m exhibit important changes. Nanotechnology is concerned with materials and systems whose structures and components exhibit novel and significantly improved physical and chemical processes due to their nanoscale size. The goal is to exploit these properties by gaining control of structures and devices at atomic, molecular, and supramolecular levels and to learn efficient manufacturing and use these devices 1-4. Maintaining the stability of interfaces and the integration of these nanostructures at micron-length and macroscopic scales are all keys to success. New behavior at the nanoscale is not necessarily predictable from that observed at large size scales.The most important changes in behavior are caused not by the order of magnitude size reduction, but by newly observed phenomena intrinsic to or becoming predominant at the nanoscale5-6. These phenomena include size confinement, predominance of interfacial phenomena and quantum mechanics. Once it becomes possible to control feature size, it will also become possible to enhance material properties and device functions Being able to reduce the dimensions of structures down to the nanoscale leads to the unique properties of carbon nanotubes, quantum wires and dots Nanotechnology is the exploitation of the novel and improved physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological properties, phenomena, and processes of systems that are intermediate in size between isolated atoms/molecules and bulk materials, where phenomena length and time scales become comparable to those of the structure. It impl ies the ability to generate and utilize structures, components, and devices with a size range from about 0.1 nm (atomic and molecular scale) to about 100 nm by control at atomic, molecular and macromolecular levels. Novel properties occur compared to bulk behavior because of the small structure size and short time scale of various processes7-8. Electrochemical Reaction When the current passed through a NaCl electrolyte solution following reaction occure NaCl = Na+ + Cl H2O = H + + OH The positive ions moves towards cathode and negative ions moves towards anode. Each Na+ ions gain an electron and is converted to Na . Hence Na+ ions are reduced at the cathode by means of electrons. Cathode Reaction: Na+ + e = Na Na +H2O = NaOH + H+ 2H+ + 2e = H2 It shows that only hydrogen gas evolve at cathode and there will be no deposition Anode Reaction: Fe = Fe2+ +2e Fe2+ + 2Cl = FeCl2 Fe2+ + 2OH = Fe (OH)2 FeCl2+ 2OH = Fe(OH)2 + 2Cl 2Cl →Cl2 + 2e 2FeCl2 + Cl2 = 2FeCl3 H+ + Cl = HCl 2Fe(OH)2 +H2O +O2 = 2Fe(OH)3 Fe(OH)3 + 3HCl = FeCl3 + 3H2O FeCl3 + 3NaOH = Fe(OH)3↓ + 3NaCl Theoretical Aspects Building block atoms play an important role in future atmostic fabrication technology. Material removal rate for removal of Fe work piece at atomic level have been calculated by using Faraday’s law. Where MRR = Metal Removal Rate , A = Atomic weight, I = Current, Z = valency, F = faraday’s constant . The results are shown in figure 1, Fig 1 Plot of Metal Removal Rate against Current Density, A=55.85,Z=2,F=96500 It is clear from the figure that very low current is needed for atomic scale removal of iron atoms from the iron work piece. The requirement of voltage for removal of iron at atomic scale have been calculated using ohm’s Law and shown in figure 2 Fig 2 Plot of Metal Removal Rate against Voltage, where specific conduction=0.0387ohm-1 cm-1others  parameter are same as in figure 1. It is clear from the figure that voltage requirement is very low. The current and voltage data for removal of few thousand atoms shows that conductivity and over-voltage play important role in current carrying process. Effect of electrolyte conductivity on MRR: Electrolytes are substances that become ions in solution and having capacity to conduct electricity. The electrolyte has three main functions in the ECM process. It carries the current between the tool and the workpiece, it removes the product of the reaction from the cutting region, and it removes the heat produced by the current flow in the operation. Electrolytes must have high conductivity, low toxicity and corrosivity, and chemical and electrochemical stability. The rate of material removal in ECM is governed by Faraday’s laws and is function of current density which depends upon the concentration of electrolyte with increase in concentration of electrolyte the MRR increases continuously up to a limiting value after which if further increase in concentration is made the MRR decreases due to decrease in ionic mobility. Effect of Over voltage: The over-voltage is the important parameter which restrict the material removal rate and is sensitive to tool feed rate and equilibrium machining gap. Material removal rate decreases due to increase in over voltage and decrease in current efficiency, which is directly related to the conductivity of the electrolyte solution. Over voltage was calculated as: à ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾V = V – where à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾V = over voltage, V = applied voltage, Ï = density of work piece, F = Faraday constant, K = conductivity / specific conductance of electrolyte solution, A = atomic number of work piece metal, Ye = equilibrium gap and f = tool feed rate. The variation of over voltage with equilibrium gap is shown in Figure 3 which indicate that over-voltage decreases linearity with increase in equilibrium gap. When equilibrium gap approaches to zero, over voltage approaches to applied voltage. Figure 4 shows variation of tool feed rate with overvoltage, which shows that over voltage decreases sharply with penetration rate and goes to negative side after a certain tool feed rate. Negative value of V, seems to be unreal because un-matching long range values of penetration rate for single fixed value of equilibrium gap. Fig 3. Plot of Over voltage against equilibrium machining gap Fig 4. Plot of over voltage against penetration gap Conclusion: The effort is made to focus on the importance of atomistic fabrication technology with the effect of key factors like over voltage and electrolyte concentration influencing the quality of machined surface and dimensional accuracy. The application of this technology during machining of metals and alloys proves that the electrochemical reactions can be used for nanometer accuracy, which allows high precision machining. The set up including power supply, electronic circuit, tool and electrolyte feed devices have been proposed to perform nano electrochemical machining in order to enhance the machining accuracy. References: Mukherjee S.K, Kumar S , and Srivastava P.K effect of electrolyte on the current- carrying process in electrochemical machining. J . Mechanical Engineering Science 221,1415 -1419 2007. Stotes J, Lostao A, Gomez C, Moreno , Baro A.M. Jumping mode AFM imaging of biomolecules in the repulsive electrical double layer ultra microscopy 1-6 2007. McGeough, J.A. principles of electrochemical machining chapterIII (chapman,Hall.London) 1974. Ma, and R. Schuster, Locally enhanced cathodoluminescence of electrochemically  fabricated gold nanostructures, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, vol. 662, pp. 12–16, 2011. McGenough J A, Leu M, Rajurkar K P, et al. â€Å"Electroforming process and application to  micro/macro manufacturing. CIRP Annals—Manufacturing Technology†, 50(2): 499-514, 2001. Zhang Z Y, Zhu D, Wang M H. â€Å"Theoretical and experimental research into electrochemical  micromachining using nanosecond pulse† Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering;  43(1): 208-213, 2007 [in Chinese]. Lee E S, Baek S Y,Cho C R. â€Å"A study of the characteristics for electrochemical micromachining with  ultrashort voltage pulses† The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology; 31(7-8):  762-769, 2005. Schuster R., Kirchner V, Allonue P, and Ertl G, â€Å"Electrochemical micromachining,† Science 289, 98–  101_2007. Datta M, Shenoy R. V, and Romankiw L. T, â€Å"Recent advances in the study of electrochemical  micromachining,† ASME J. Eng. Ind. 118, 29–36,1996. Datta M, â€Å"Microfabrication by electrochemical metal removal,† IBM J. Res. Dev. 42, 655–669,1998.   Rajurkar K.P, Kozak J, and Wei B, Study of Pulse Electrochemical Machining Characteristics â€Å"Annals  International College for Production Research† Vol. 42, 231-234, 1993. Hocheng, H., Kao, P. S. and Lin, S. C., â€Å"Prediction of the Eroded Profile during Electrochemical  Machining of Hole,† Proc. JSME/ASME Int. Conf. Materials and Processing, pp. 303_307 (2002).   Keown, Mc. P. A., â€Å"The Role of Precision Engineering in Manufacturing of the Future,† Annals CIRP,  Vol.36, pp. 495_501 (1987). â€Å"Electrochemical Machining in Production Technology, HMT, Bangalore, Tata McGraw Hill  Publishing Company, New Delhi, India, p. 478 (1980).

Graduation Speech :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

As we sit here this evening, knowing not what lies ahead, but feeling satisfied that we have completed this challenge, we start to wonder. What have we gained from these last 13 years of school? How often have we asked ourselves: Why do we attend school? What do we expect to accomplish? And what do we gain? Questions, whose importance we may not fully understand today, but which have drastically molded our futures. Sure, this path hasn't been the easiest to follow, but we navigated through the complications and tribulations to the point we are at now, and I ask once again, what have we gained? Education has supplied us with a commonality, a basic foundation on which we may establish our ideas. These ideas are the essential elements that dominate our lives. Each is unique and special. But just like it is perplexing to communicate without understanding the other person, it is difficult to express ideas without an education. Today, let us give thanks to all those who have helped us along the way: our parents for their love and support, our teachers for their dedication and encouragement, and to our fellow classmates for their friendship and compassion. In this stage of life we are still discovering ourselves and the world around us. Our experiences are lacking and our world varies tremendously from our parents' and grandparents' generations. We are still struggling for meaning and purpose. As we continue to grow and develop, our understanding will blossom and our convictions will strengthen. Because of our technology, our generation can communicate world-wide. As we continue to strive for greater opportunities and a better life, we must resist being consumed by our own inventions and instead aspire to personally interact with the outside world. The Internet and other modes of communication can only provide a window, a seat in the theater of life. The world is a stage and we are the actors -- the performers that touch the lives of our children -- the innovators of this conventional realm. Technology can only perform the tasks we program into it; accomplishment requires a human being. Striving for knowledge and perfection is admirabl e, but have the courage to maintain your personal identity. Put your emphasis on the qualities that define our individual personalities and contribute to our diversity. So, what have we gained? These last 13 years of school have prepared us for the journey we are about to embark upon.

Impact of the invention of Automobiles Essay

The invention of automobile has been one of the most significant factors that have contributed towards the transformation of the world. Before the invention of automobile it was very difficult and time consuming to travel from one place to another. Man has become the master of his own time due to the automobile. Now he can plan his own schedules and manage his time more efficiently and constructively. Automobile gave a boost to the world economy. Petroleum was a product that was in abundance but was largely unused. With the invention of automobile it started getting used and also boosted the living standards of the people of the countries in which it is available the most for e.g. the Middle Eastern countries. Though there was enough living space in all the continents of the world, people used to live clustered in the locality that was nearest to their work. As a result those working in factories used to live close to it despite the health hazards it created. With the invention of the automobile people were able to cut down their health risks by moving away to cleaner places with better air to breathe and yet manage to report to work within the stipulated time minus any hassles that earlier long distance traveling encompassed. All the services got fast. The firemen, the doctor, and the policeman can all reach on time and get on with their work that is extremely urgent. Many newer services got created for e.g. the courier service that thrives on the benefits laid down by the invention of automobile. Hence the socio-economic condition of the world has got totally and positively transformed with the invention of the automobile. But sadly there have also been certain negative outcomes of the invention of the automobile. The number of deaths on roads has increased due to this modern necessity. Also the world has become a much more polluted place to live in because of the toxic fumes that automobiles create. However, if we compare the negative and positive impacts of the invention of automobile on the world at large then we cannot deny the fact that the positive impacts outshine the negative impacts. The best part is that if human beings are careful then these negative impacts can be shunned completely. Man cannot think living without the automobile and perhaps its invention is the best thing that has happened to the world. References Colorado.edu. (2009). Negative Impact of the Automobile. Retrieved Jun. 1, 2009 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://l3d.cs.colorado.edu/systems/agentsheets/New-Vista/automobile/negative.html Nosotoro, R. (2007). Impact of the Automobile. Retrieved Jun. 1, 2009 from   Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.hyperhistory.net/apwh/essays/cot/t4w32automobile.htm

Leadership Through Example essays

Leadership Through Example essays The most important aspect of any culture is the people. Great nations like the United States were establish through the understanding that people are the most valuable resource of a nation, and it is the responsibility of the leaders to ensure that the people are respected. The central focus of a good leader should always be to maintain the well being of the people - especially during time of war. This understanding breeds patriotism and heroes. A prime example of good leadership is exemplified in Chief Crazy Horse of the Sioux Tribe during the 19th century when the migrating European and American settlers were expanding westward. Chief Crazy Horse recognized that the settlers had no respect for his land, beliefs or his people. He valiantly defended his culture against the intrusion of the settlers, and placed his love and respect for his people above everything. Chief Crazy Horse is a prime candidate for the presidency because he demonstrated great integrity by building a leadership based solely on a tremendous respect for his people. Crazy Horse had enormous respect for his people as individuals. Perhaps the single most important ingredient for successful leadership is respect. He considered the lives of his people equal or even more important than his own. One way in which this was demonstrated was on the battlefield. Numerous accounts and paintings of battle scenes reveal that during an assault, as Crazy Horse led his men into battle, never allowing any of his warriors to pass him. "In advancing upon an enemy, none of his warriors were allowed to pass him" ("Crazy Horse Quotes"). Crazy Horse was also a generous man. He was known to have consistently shown charity toward the poor, lived a humble life and given away spoils of war (with the exception of weapons.) "It was a point of honor with him never to keep anything for himself, excepting weapons of war" ("Crazy Horse Quotes"). As a result of the respect Crazy Horse displayed fo...

National Womans Rights Conventions 1850 - 1869

National Womans Rights Conventions 1850 - 1869 The 1848 Seneca Falls Womens Rights Convention, which was called on short notice and was more of a regional meeting, called for a series of conventions, embracing every part of the country. The 1848 regional event held in upstate New York was followed by other regional Womans Rights Conventions in Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania.   That meetings resolutions called for woman suffrage (the right to vote), and later conventions also included this call.   But each meeting included other womens rights issues as well. The 1850 meeting was  the first to consider itself a national meeting. The meeting was planned after an Anti-Slavery Society meeting by nine women and two men. These included Lucy Stone, Abby Kelley Foster, Paulina Wright Davis and Harriot Kezia Hunt. Stone served as secretary, though she was kept from part of the preparation by a family crisis, and then contracted typhoid fever. Davis did most of the planning. Elizabeth Cady Stanton missed the convention because she was in late pregnancy at the time. First National Womans Rights Convention The 1850 Womans Rights Convention was held on October 23 and 24 in Worcester, Massachusetts. The 1848 regional event in Seneca Falls, New York, had been attended by 300, with 100 signing the Declaration of Sentiments. The 1850 National Womans Rights Convention was attended by 900 on the first day. Paulina Kellogg Wright Davis was chosen as president. Other women speakers included Harriot Kezia Hunt, Ernestine Rose, Antoinette Brown, Sojourner Truth, Abby Foster Kelley, Abby Price and Lucretia Mott. Lucy Stone only spoke on the second day. Many reporters attended and wrote of the gathering. Some wrote mockingly, but others, including Horace Greeley, took the event quite seriously. The printed proceedings were sold after the event as a way of spreading the word about womens rights. The British writers Harriet Taylor and Harriet Martineau took note of the event, Taylor responding with The Enfranchisement of Women. Further Conventions In 1851, the second National Womans Rights Convention took place on October 15 and 16, also in Worcester. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, unable to attend, sent a letter. Elizabeth Oakes Smith was among the speakers who were added to those of the previous year. The 1852 Convention was held in Syracuse, New York, on September 8-10. Elizabeth Cady Stanton again sent a letter instead of appearing in person. This occasion was notable for the first public speeches on womens rights by two women who would become leaders in the movement: Susan B. Anthony and Matilda Joslyn Gage. Lucy Stone wore a bloomer costume. A motion to form a national organization was defeated. Frances Dana Barker Gage presided over the 1853 National Womans Rights Convention in Cleveland, Ohio, on October 6-8. In the mid 19th century, the largest part of the population was still on the East Coat and in eastern states, with Ohio considered part of the west. Lucretia Mott, Martha Coffin Wright, and Amy Post were officers of the assembly. A new Declaration of Womens Rights was drafted after the convention voted to adopt the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments. The new document was not adopted. Ernestine Rose presided at the 1854 National Womans Rights Convention in Philadelphia, October 18-20. The group could not pass a resolution to create a national organization, instead preferring to support local and state work. The 1855 Womans Rights Convention was held in Cincinnati on October 17 and 18, back to a 2-day event. Martha Coffin Wright presided. The 1856 Womans Rights Convention was held in New York City. Lucy Stone presided. A motion passed, inspired by a letter from Antoinette Brown Blackwell, to work in state legislatures for the vote for women. No convention was held in 1857. In 1858, May 13-14, the meeting was held again in New York City. Susan B. Anthony, now better known for her commitment to the suffrage movement, presided. In 1859, the National Womans Rights Convention was held in New York City again, with Lucretia Mott presiding. It was a one-day meeting, on May 12. At this meeting, speakers were interrupted by loud disruptions from opponents of womens rights. In 1860, Martha Coffin Wright again presided at the National Womans Rights Convention held May 10-11. More than 1,000 attended. The meeting considered a resolution in support of women being able to obtain a separation or divorce from husbands who were cruel, insane or drunk, or who deserted their wives. The resolution was controversial and did not pass. Civil War and New Challenges With the tensions between North and South increasing, and Civil War approaching, the National Womans Rights Conventions were suspended, though Susan B. Anthony attempted to call one in 1862. In 1863, some of the same women as were active in the Womans Rights Conventions earlier called the First National Loyal League Convention, which met in New York City on May 14, 1863. The result was circulation of a petition supporting the 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery and involuntary servitude except as a punishment for a crime. The organizers gathered 400,000 signatures by the next year. In 1865, what was to become the Fourteenth Amendment  to the Constitution  had been proposed by the Republicans. This amendment would extend full rights as citizens to those who had been slaves and to other African Americans. But womens rights advocates were concerned that, by introducing the word male into the Constitution in this amendment, womens rights would be set aside. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized another Womans Rights Convention. Frances Ellen Watkins Harper was among the speakers, and she advocated for bringing together the two causes: equal rights for African Americans and equal rights for women. Lucy Stone and Anthony had proposed the idea at an American Anti-Slavery Society meeting in Boston in January. A few weeks after the Womans Rights Convention, on May 31, the first meeting of the American Equal Rights Association was held, advocating just that approach. In January of 1868, Stanton and Anthony began publishing The Revolution. They had become discouraged with the lack of change in the constitutional amendments proposed, which would exclude women explicitly, and were moving apart from the main AERA direction. Some participants in that convention formed the New England Woman Suffrage Association. Those who founded this organization were mainly those who supported the Republicans attempt to win the vote for African Americans and opposed the strategy of Anthony and Stanton to work only for womens rights. Among those who formed this group were Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, Isabella Beecher Hooker, Julia Ward Howe and T. W. Higginson.  Frederick Douglass  was among the speakers at their first convention. Douglass declared the cause of the negro was more pressing than that of womans. Stanton, Anthony, and others called another National Womans Rights Convention in 1869, to be held on January 19 in Washington, DC. After the May AERA convention, at which Stantons speech seemed to advocate for the Educated Suffrage upper-class women able to vote, but the vote withheld from the newly-freed slaves and Douglass denounced her use of the term Sambo the split was clear. Stone and others formed the  American Woman Suffrage Association  and Stanton and Anthony and their allies formed the  National Woman Suffrage Association.The suffrage movement did not hold a unified convention again until 1890 when the two organizations merged into the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Do you think you can pass this  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Womens Suffrage Quiz?

Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Abortion - Essay Example Spontaneous abortions refer to the natural process during which the human body rejects and expels the fetal contents without any â€Å"voluntary involvement or utilization of induction methods† (102). These events are often the source of great psychological distress to expecting parents and communities. However, the real social dilemma is regarding induced abortions; which refer to a voluntary disruption of a pregnancy brought upon through medical intervention (Hou Chap. 29). As a legal matter, the Supreme Court of United States supported the right to abortion in the judgment given for Roe v Wade case (Hou, Chap. 29). It was seen as the biological right of a woman to decline to carry an undesired child to term, as her physiological right. After this decision was taken there was a significant increase in the rate of abortions in the country (National Right to Life Committee, 4). But not everyone in either the public or private sector agreed with the decision and different states in the United States implemented separate legislations with varying degrees of leniency with regards to the accessibility to abortion services (Hou, Chap. 29), and in many states the debate for the right to abortion is still going on. Recent trends reveal that there is a reduction in abortion rates in the country (National Right to Life Committee 4), indicating that the perspective of the population has shifted against the process, which is labeled â€Å"barbaric† by individuals who oppose it. Anti-abortion perspectives are fueled by the concern for the rights of the unborn child as well as the sanctity of human life – eliminating a human life destroys the sense of a safe and beneficial society for all. Given these sentiments, states with the majority against abortion should implement strong anti-abortion policies which can guide

Causes of crime in Great Britain and USA Assignment

Causes of crime in Great Britain and USA - Assignment Example United Sates and UK are some of the worst affected countries as far as criminal activities are concerned. Some people argue that poverty is the major reason behind increasing criminal activities. However, US and UK are two of the richest countries in the world and still crime rates increasing day by day in these countries. Cyber crime, burglary, organized crime, gun violence etc are some of the major criminal activities seen in United States and UK. â€Å"The UK government has published a report on February 17, 2011, concluding that the overall cost to the UK economy from cybercrime is  £27bn per year. Drug-related crime is estimated to cost the UK  £13.9 billion a year† (Cluely, 2011). On the other hand, â€Å"In 2006, the Internet Crime Complaint Center in America received and processed over 200,000 complaints. Total alleged dollar losses were more than $194 million†(Cyber crime Statistics, 2011). Cybercrime and burglary in UK and USA: Similarities and differences Cybercrime is one of the most modern crimes added to the list of organized criminal activities list. No country seems to be free from cyber crimes. Hardcore technology and online expertise are now available for rent and it is possible for even the unskilled antisocial elements to take these skills on rent basis for the execution of their criminal activities. In fact some of the organized cyber attacks which occurred in the recent times have surprised some of the highly technically skilled personnel. Kinetic weapons, power of electromagnetic energy, malicious computer code etc are some of the most common methods of cyber attacks employed by cyber terrorists. Botnets (vast numbers of compromised computers that have been infected with malicious code, and can be remotely-controlled through commands sent via the Internet) are another major tool for cybercrime, because of its effectiveness and the easiness in usage. America is facing more cyber attack threats from countries like China compared to United Kingdom. China wanted to outcast America from the superpower list and for that purpose; they are constantly engage in cyber espionage with America. China’s involvement in some of the recent cyber attacks on American computers was proved beyond doubt. The Times on 8 September 2007 reported that the Chinese military hackers have prepared a detailed plan to disable America’s aircraft battle carrier fleet with a devastating cyber attack, quoting a Pentagon report (The Times, 2007). Fox news on 24 March 2010 reported that the cyber attack on Google and US companies are part of suspected Chinese government operation (Fox News, 2010). In short, America is facing cyber crimes not only from individuals, but also from other countries as well. On the other hand, UK seems to be facing fewer threats from other countries as far as cyber espionage is concerned. In fact China and America are the two countries accused of spreading cyber espionage because of their superior technologies in IT and computer sectors. Cluely, (2011) has pointed out that total money losses in cyber crimes in UK has already crossed the ?27 billion per year.- ?9.2 billion comes from theft of intellectual propert

The Jungle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Jungle - Essay Example causes Jurgis to lead a life of begging and crime, illustrating how it is the system’s willing abuse of the ‘common man’ that creates the problems of the criminal lower class while the upper class becomes just as criminal in working to abuse the system for their own welfare. The concept of socialism is first introduced as Ona and Jurgis are planning their wedding feast and grows to become one of the central themes of the book. It is Grandmother Majauzskiene who first mentions the word â€Å"Socialist† to Jurgis. She describes the capitalist system: â€Å"It was easy to bring them, for wages were really much higher, and it was only when it was too late that the poor people found out that everything else was higher too. They were like rats in a trap, that was the truth† (95). It would seem clear that whatever she defines herself as would be the opposite of the system in place. Just before she introduces the word socialism, though, a suggestion of what it might mean is offered, â€Å"By and by they would have their revenge, though, for the thing was getting beyond human endurance, and the people would rise and murder the packers† (95). This seems to suggest something violent and destructive, which frightens the simple man. Jurgis learns more about socialism through Bush Harper. Harper characterizes socialists as people who â€Å"could not be bought, and would not combine or make any sort of a ‘dicker’† (384). Later, Jurgis suddenly finds himself at the center of a Socialist rally and, more surprisingly, becoming caught up in the words that are said. As the speaker denounces the capitalist system, which has already been battered brutally throughout the novel, the ideas of Socialism are brought forward. The way that Sinclair presents them makes them seem not nearly as frightening as the ideas of Communism have been to the modern reader. He talks about how the Socialists would give more power to the people, would provide them would good food, clothing

Principles of Personal Development Essay Example for Free

Principles of Personal Development Essay Standards that influence the way adult social care job roles are carried out. Codes of Practice set out the criteria against which providers are assessed by. They also describe the standards of conduct and practice with which workers must carry out their activities and ensure that what they do is competent and consistent with the values of their employer. These standards are how registrants’ ‘ï ¬ tness to practice’ is determined. For a care worker to work in a certain profession, they have to register with their particular Professional Council and then work to the Codes of Practice which they deem ï ¬ t. Not following their Code of Practice could result in them being taken of the register and no longer allowed to work in that role. Reflecting on work activities is an important way to develop own knowledge and skills. Reflection on your own practice is important because it allows you to assess what you are doing well, identify areas where you might like or maybe need more training or guidance in to ensure you are performing to the best you can, and are meeting all standards and expectations within the elderly house policies and procedures. Reflecting on your practice can enhance and improve your confidence and self esteem because you can look at what you are doing well, the things you have learnt and achieved and feel good about yourself especially if you have done something with ease that you used to find difficult, if you have done something you never did well in or something that you have never tried before. This then gives you confidence to continue working well and to aim to try other new things or to use what new skills or knowledge you have gained in your practices. During the activity you improve you learning by asking you supervisor/senior. You learn from others people strategies. Find ways to reflect your self in your activity. Reflection, which is learning through experience, is not a new concept. As humans, we naturally reflect on our surroundings and experiences. It is a learning tool that will help us improve our skill and develop our knowledge and practice. Also it is important to find your strengths and weaknesses so that you can develop and improve on them, so you can make your weakness your strengths. Reflecting on your self is a complex activity that requires the individual to develop a set of skills. When you reflect you stand back and think of a situation or problem, gain a new perspective of something, make sense of our experiences and construct meaning and knowledge that directs actions in practice. Use evidence to help decide on decisions. Ways to ensure that personal attitudes or beliefs do not obstruct the quality of work. The best way to ensure that personal attitudes or beliefs don’t obstruct the quality of work is to be dedicated to excellence. Personal attitudes can be changed through education. That is an important way. It helps to develop a good work ethic. How learning activities can develop knowledge, skills and understanding. How a learning activity has improved own knowledge, skills and understanding. The more you think and plan, the better you can do. Think things all the way through to a successful conclusion. Improving improved own knowledge, skills and understanding by reflecting on a situation I dont have a situation that I really want to share, but I spend a great deal of time reflecting on life from various perspectives from the logical/intellectual to the mystical/muse. The two quotes below are on a list that I keep in my desk. They remind me why I must make time, even if it appears Im doing something else, to reflect. * â€Å"Think left and think right and think low and think high. Oh, the thinks you can think up if only you try!† ― Dr. Seuss * â€Å"The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing.† ― Albert Einstein Feedback from others has developed own knowledge, skills and understanding The example is comments, critics, suggestions. If someone know what to do to this feedback, that person already know what to do next. That was a development by feedback How a personal development plan can contribute to own learning and development Definition of personal development plan Personal development planning (PDP) is the process of creating an action plan based on awareness, values, reflection, goal-setting and planning for personal development within the context of a career, education, relationship or for self-improvement. Who can be involved in the PDP process Typically, each employees line manager should be responsible for the individual employees PDP. * Managers may need appropriate training to ensure they can manage PDPs effectively. Developing these skills can be built into the managers own PDP. * The most senior employees and those whose performance has the most impact on the performance of the business may benefit from an external mentor Sources of support for own learning and development There are many sources of support that you can access and many different ways that you can help yourself, when developing your practice. The appraisal or supervision system in your workplace can be a good starting point. This will help you to identify areas of your practice that need to be developed, and to plan to use opportunities for training and development. Some employers provide appraisal at six-monthly or 12-monthly intervals, but supervision should be at least once a month. This gives you a good opportunity to use the experience and knowledge of your supervisor to help you plan how to move forward in your practice. Benefits of using PDP to identify ongoing improvements in own knowledge and understanding Some advantages of taking a personal development approach to your work are: Gaining a clearer focus to your learning. Helping to keep yourself motivated. A better understanding of how you learn and how to improve your performance. More enjoyment and less stress from your learning as you become consciously skilled. More awareness of how to apply your learning to new problems and contexts.

Representation of Photos in the Media

Representation of Photos in the Media Introduction to Media and Media Studies, Writing and the Media, Reading the Media Question 1 For the representation in the media, we can relate to radio, television, cinema, internet such as social media, news and so on. Through them, we receive different information and entertainment, mostly for young people who grew up in modern world and society. Media representation is how media portray particular groups, ideas or topics in the world to another perspective how we see it. Let me take Twitter, for an example. Twitter is social media that have over 1 billion users monthly and 313 million monthly active users. (Twitter usage/Company facts, 2016.) Twitter is one of the social media where people post their opinions about recent events, what is currently happening in their lives, who did something that was not impropriate or who is in a relationship with whom. Some of the companies or/and celebrities are trying to interact with their followers and fans. Those fans can see their inspirations the way they look like, their behavior and not experiencing it in reality. In the interpretation, OShaughnessy and Stadler (2016:35) says that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦media first gives us information and only after the explanationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ On the way media are teaching people how to make a change in the world and how they see the world around them. Let me take travel blog as an example. For the last few years more and more people are traveling around the world taking photographs, learning about new cultures, new countries, mostly difference between people. Only after they write about it and that is how they teach other people. Personally, I think that is the best way to meet surroundings, to be filled with experience and knowledge. Figure 1: Lin, E. 2013. 7 TIPS TO TRAVEL SMART IN THE SUMMER Summer time is here! It is the perfect time for traveling and exploring the world. (The Lab, 2013) TAKE ANOTHER ONE When we talk about evolution media, they give us the information about some issues or just how to understand genders, religions, cultures or races. They want to teach us how to be normal, basically creating stereotypes and making people being judgmental, how we see the world and the way we are going to treat each other if they are not the same as we are (OShaughnessy Stadler, 2016). Perfect example is with the biggest YouTube star Felix Kjellberg or his channel name PewDiePie and biggest business journal, The Wall Street Journal. Felix is a web-based comedian and video producer whose job is to make people laugh. As PewDiePie/Felix says in the video à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦old school media doesnt like Internet personalities, because they are afraid of us. We have so much influence and such a large voice and they dont understand that (see My Response- PewDiePie, 2017). Even if he did an interview in 2013 with The Wall Street Journal they would only focus how much he earns as the tittle says YouTubes Biggest Draw Plays Games, Earns $4 million a Year (The Wall Street Journal, 2014.) Also the media would only acknowledge him for earning money by playing games as a hobby, spending money on cars and luxuries, but they do not show that he donates millions to charities. But because he was so successful in his career, he wanted to be funnier than usual.   In one of his YouTube videos he went just a bit far with paying two men that were holding a sign saying Death to all Jews after he apologized to everyone saying that he did not expect their response (see My Response PewDiePie, 2017). In the videos he made before, he would wear a uniform, taking Adolf Hitler as a reference to make people laugh, but the words Adolf Hitler was saying had Nazi messages. As The Wall Street Journal (2017:1) says Disney Servers Ties With YouTube Star PewDiePie After Anti-Semitic Posts. After that incident happened Disney canceled his show saying people Jewish religion were offended. PewDiePie automatically responded and apologized to his fans and people all over the world saying he didnt want to offend anyone and that his job is to make people laugh. Other you-tubers are standing with PewDiePie, even his friend whose religion is Jewish. Felix friend Ethan Hakmon or his channel name h3h3Productions, states that Disney and WSJ didnt ask people Jewish religion did they actually got offended or not, because he isnt. (see Is PewDiePie Racist h3h3Productions, 2017). Representation, interpretation and evaluation in media are creating the world as a single community because they are giving their opinions on certain topics. The problem is they have a huge influence on the world and people. People are becoming stereotypes and do not have their own opinion. Question 2 One of the roles in the media is to inform. Media inform us about our surroundings, we can easily find out what is happening in our country or on the other side of the world. For an example Haiti Earthquake in 2010. Oliver Laurent (2015) states On Jan 12, 2010, a devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0 struck Haiti, killing more than 160,000 and displacing close to 1.5 million people. Five years later, the scars of the tragedy remain in Port-au-Prince,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ We chose Haiti as information media because it was terrible for people whose families were on the island on that devastating and sad day. A lot of lives were lost and they are still battling with a lot of different sicknesses and people who are still trying to find them members of families. The second role of in the media is to educate. Media educate us about possible diseases, technology, undiscovered places and different cultures. As an example Elon Musk, who created SolarCity. Musk believes that in 20-30 years majority of the planet will use solar energy system. (see The mind behind Tesla, SpaceX, SolarCity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½Elon Musk TED talks, 2013). SolarCity creates roofs who are invisible but cells are exposed to the sun. A roof with hidden solar tiles that powers your home with clean, renewable energy (SolarCity, 2017). Basically, Elon Musk is teaching us how to save the environment around us and use it in a good way, but also how to save our money and time. The third role of the media is to entertain. It contains of film, television, radio and internet. They are providing us with a lot of different content wanting to people to have fun, relax with their family and friends or just socialize. The Walt Disney Company, for example. They are cartoon creation company, film company and music record label. They are also producing clothes and toys (About The Walt Disney Company, 2017). We chose The Walt Disney Company as an entertainment as an example because of their offers and there is something for people in every age. Question 3 Figure 2: Hutchings, M. 2015. Protest on the Ramp: South African Designer Isabelle Lotter Joins #FeesMustFall Movement. (Ramp1885.com, 2015) According to the BuzzFeedNews (2015) #Fees Must Fall Movement is student protest that began mid-October in 2015 and still going in South Africa. Universities wanted to raise costs by 10.5 percent. First protest was on the campus of the University of Witwatersrand and it was spread to other universities in the country. Figure 3: CityogJoburgZA, 2016. South Africa: Flash floods kill six people in Johannesburg. (Africanews.com., 2016) Africanews.com (2016) reports the storm was bad and it was raining a lot on 9th of November 2016. International airport O.R. Tambo was flooded, not only the airport but streets also. Water was everywhere and ended with disaster. People were dying and a lot of the infrastructure was ruined.    Figure 4: Independent.co.uk. 2016. Barack Obama tells Latin America: Dont assume the worst about Donald Trump (Independent.co.uk., 2016) On this picture we can see Barack Obama (right on the picture) who was United States President before Donald Trump (left on the picture) on November 10, 2016. where they discussed about foreign and domestic policy (US Weekly, 2016). The picture was taken after the election at the White House in Washington D.C. (US Weekly, 2016). Question 4 Our analysis of photograph that Sabelo Mlangeni was taking a series of photographs of people who African people are ignoring their existence. JRDIJKSTRA (2014) states in one of his articles that people are judged for things they do and for who they are. They are just trying to find themselves, it is not their fault that they were born in different bodies and different mind. But again, people are going to look at you and point fingers at you just because you do not look like they do. On the provided photographs we can see men who are wearing womans clothes and who represent their selves as women and women who are described as ghost.   JRDIJKSTRA (2014) is asking himself Why then do we hate these boys when they have grown up to be men who dress as women? Why do we turn and call them names, pretending that weve never seen it? The first thing that strikes us is their fashion. Because the way persons hair is done, the way they are dressed and the way they are proud who they are. You cannot really see that often with other people, but again, it is their fashion and this is how they feel and are. Also images are black and white which is unusual for 21 century. Central issue or concern would be how men are dressed in reality and the way they are not afraid to show who and what they are. Also, women on the street are like ghost what actually shows us how we do not realize what is happening around us and who is doing their job. Medium of the photographs are 10241024 and they are all black and white. They give us feeling how was in the past but in present. With his images he reflects on his countrys past, while at the same time looking forward into the future and how life has changed. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡History forms an important part of my work, he explains, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡especially in my own country where its just two decades ago that Apartheid was abolished (JRDIJKSTRA, 2014). So many things changed through past in South Africa. We think he wants to show people that difference between race and LGBTI people is not that different. It affects everyone around us and there is no rights of free speech and them coming out as different is brave no matter what other people are saying. Mlangeni wants to show us they existed before, not just in newer era. Sabelo Mlangeni is not relevant in South Africa because LGBTI is not a big topic at the moment the way is in countries overseas. The problem is that our country focuses more on corruption and finance rather than LGBTI. Maybe that is the reason they get more judged here in South Africa or African continent than in Europe, US or Australia.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Question 5 In South African movies such as District 9 and Tsotsi we can see a lot of crimes and how people are treating each other. Firstly, let me discuss about District 9. Xenophobia is one of the main problems in this movie. Xenophobia is a fear or dislike against people from other countries. (Dictonary.com, s.a.). Also in the movie they are referring to aliens as shrimps. I would say it is a racist thing to say. People from Johannesburg see aliens as people who steal all the time, they are uneducated or just doing illegal things. Tension of the crime is massive. The main character is Wikus van de Merwe, who is a very naive and he only thinks about himself, he also treats aliens like they are nothing. After he sprays a fluid in his face, he starts turning into one of them or into a shrimp. His father-in-law tries to convince his daughter to move on, because he does not like him that is why he even gave him a promotion in the company called MNU. Nigerian people were shown as War Lords because they were selling cat food to aliens as a scam, they would trade cat food for alien weapon. The problem was that the wea pon works only with alien identity, so the boss of Nigerians wanted to cut Wikus hand off. Muti is a term for a witch doctor that Nigerians believed in, they would kill aliens and eat their parts hoping they will get their powers to use their weapon. Another problem is that the media would show everything what is happening. At one point when the explosion happened, they said it was a terrorist attack, which was a lie. Also, when Wikus body started to change, people would see him on the news or hear on the radio and they would run away from him. Nobody wanted to listen to him and hear what he has to say, people only believed in mass media. At the end they were all judgmental to each other, because they were not the same (District 9, 2009). And Tsotsi (2005) is a movie about stealing from people, killing and running away from reality. One of the problems is how those people live. Their houses are not in proper conditions, there are a lot of diseases that can be spread around them. The second problem was that the main character did not know how to communicate without using his gun, he would have disrespectful behavior and he did not have mercy for anyone.   The third problem is that most of the children from the street are on the street because they dont have families or their families are just ruined. The main characters mom was sick and she died when he was little and his dad was alcoholic, so he basically did not have anyone to raise him on the way he can have an education or love. He would steal more and more from people who would look better looking, fights and killing others were the answer for everything. The only reason for changing his mind from all the crime was the baby from the car he stole. At the end he returns baby home after trying to take care of him, realizing it is very hard to take care of kids if you dont have money and safe area to live. Also, he took responsibilities for his actions. Question 6 6.1. Vodacom Summer 2015 Advert caption does not have anything with the provided link. However, advert that was on offer on provided link was a Blue Ribbon Bread (My Mom Is So Cool, 2015). The advert is way too long and it loses the whole point of the advert. We also decided to find Vodacom Summer 2015 Advert (Vodacom Summer 2015, 2015). From the begging we can see it that advert is about Vodacom. We think they tried to show their consumers and future consumers that they can stay in touch and stay connected no matter in which situation they are or where ever they are. 6.2. Chicken Licken Advert (Inner peace, 2015) tries to show us how their master is going to do everything and anything to get chicken pieces and just because he is eating their chicken he is so good in karate. 6.3. KFC (Emzini Wezinsizwa KFC South Africa advert, 2015) advert shows us that family or group of five can share one meal for a good price. The quality of the food is excellent because they would do anything for it. Also main characters in the advert according to the SABC1 (2017), were from the highly popular African sitcom Emzini Wezinsizwa. Bibliography/Reference list: Twitter usage/Company facts. 2017. Its whats happening, 30 June 2016. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . 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